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What Does the New Immigration and Asylum Bill Introduce?

What Does the New Immigration and Asylum Bill Introduce?

July 8, 2026

Last week, the new Immigration and Asylum Bill began its passage through Parliament. The Bill proposes significant changes to the UK’s immigration and asylum system and includes new measures relating to asylum applications, appeal procedures, and deportation processes.

One of the key proposals is the creation of an Independent Immigration Appeals Authority, which would hear asylum and human rights appeals. This new body is expected to replace the current First-tier Tribunal.

The Bill also includes changes to the application of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, particularly in relation to the right to respect for private and family life.

Another important proposal concerns the cost of asylum support. Under the Bill, refugees who have sufficient financial means may be required to contribute towards the cost of the support they have received. This contribution is expected to be around £10,000.

In addition, the Bill introduces changes to the Modern Slavery framework.

Other Key Measures in the Bill

The Bill also includes the following proposals:

New measures to speed up the removal of failed asylum seekers.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to help assess the age of children in asylum claims.

The Bill has received criticism from both a practical and human rights perspective. In particular, the proposed changes to the appeals system, the recovery of asylum support costs, and the amendments to the modern slavery framework continue to generate public debate.

Important Note

This Bill does not include any changes to Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR). Although the government has previously indicated that reforms to the ILR system may be introduced, those changes are expected to come through separate legislation in the future.